This link is collected in a multicenter study with data from five countries.
New research reveals that type 1 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of various types of cancer, such as stomach, liver, pancreas, endometrium, ovary and kidney, but a lower risk of other types of tumors, including prostate andof breast.
The results are derived from a multicentric study with data from five countries, published in 'Diabetology' by the Bendix Carstenen statistic, of the 'Steno Diabetes Center', in Denmark;Dr. Stephanie Lee and Professor Sarah Wild, from the University of Edinburgh, the United Kingdom, and members of the Cancer and Diabetes Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).
Previous studies have shown that people with diabetes have a higher incidence of cancer between 20 and 25 percent compared to people without diabetes.However, most of these findings have been based on people with type 2 diabetes, since they constitute the majority (about 90 percent) of all people with diabetes.In this work, the authors explored the increased risk of various types of cancer specifically associated with type 1 diabetes.
more than 9,000 cases
More than 9,000 cases of cancer were analyzed in patients with type 1 diabetes diagnosed in five countries, using data from five diabetes records throughout the country: Australia (2000-2008), Denmark (1995-2014), Finland (1972-2012), Scotland (1995-2012) and Sweden (1987-2012).When linking these data with those of the national cancer records, they were able to compare the incidence of cancer between people with type 1 diabetes and that of the general population.
The analyzes through all combined cancers did not reveal any increase in the total risk of cancer among men with type 1 diabetes, while women with type 1 diabetes experienced an increase in the risk of cancer in general of 7 percent.The neutral global cancer risk among men with type 1 diabetes was largely due to a 44 percent drop in the incidence of prostate cancer, the most common non -cutaneous cancer among men.When the authors excluded the data from the specific types of cancer of sex (prostate, testicle, breast, uterine neck, endometrium and ovary), excess risk of cancer was revealed in men and women with type 1 diabetesThe case of men and 17 percent for women.
For specific cancer sites among people with type 1 diabetes, the study identified a higher risk of stomach cancer (23 percent for men, 78 percent for women);Liver (twice more among men and 55 percent for women);pancreas (53 percent for men and 25 percent for women), Endometrium (42 percent) and kidney (30 percent for men and 47 percent for women).
10 percent less risk of breast cancer
On the contrary, women with type 1 diabetes recorded 10 percent less likely to have a diagnosis of breast cancer, although the reasons are not clear.The study also reported that the incidence of cancer was higher shortly after the diagnosis of diabetes: substantially greater among men (2.3 times more risk) and women (2.3 times) with type 1 diabetes during the firstyear of follow -up compared to a longer time.
The incidence of cancer was subsequently reduced to the general population level after approximately 20 years of having type 1 diabetes among men, but then to the only five years of having type 1 diabetes among women.
The authors doemphasize that the incidence of cancer very high shortly after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is plausible due to the detection of pre -existing cancers shortly after the diagnosis of diabetes, when patients are receiving more and more medical attention, rather than any association with theType 1 diabetes disease.
The researchers affirm that their finding of a lower excess in the incidence of cancer among people with type 1 diabetes that in the previous reports of people with type 2 diabetes argues against a contribution of insulin treatment to the high incidence of cancerAmong people with diabetes.
Insulin treatment
If insulin treatment was an important cancer risk factor, it would be expected that excess incidence of cancer among people with type 1 diabetes was greater than in people with type 2 diabetes, since all people with type 1 diabetesThey are treated with insulin, while a substantially lower proportion those suffering from type 2 diabetes receive insulin treatment.
Scientists suggest that their findings of an increase in the risk of cancer among people with diabetes may be due to a common mechanism such as high blood sugar levels that occur between both patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
"On average, type 1 diabetes confers an increase in the incidence of various types of cancer, in particular, people with type 1 diabetes had a greater incidence of liver cancer, pancreas, kidney, endometrium and ovary and a lower incidence ofProstate cancer than people in the general population.
And they conclude: "Our findings do not support changes in the policy for the detection of cancer in people with type 1 diabetes. Lifestyle recommendations to reduce the risk of cancer, such as quitting smoking, controlling weight and physical activityThey apply to both people with type 1 diabetes and the general population. "
