I have always liked the story, it is interesting to take a look at the past and see how we have advanced, I propose to make a collection of various historical data on diabetes, here is the first:
Diabetes in Antiquity.
Papyrus of Ebers.
The first reference to diabetes is found in the Ebers papyrus found in 1862 in Thebes (today Luxor).In the papyrus a symptomalogy reminds of diabetes and remedies based on certain decoctions.
The ancient Hindu literature in the Vedas describes the sticky urine, with honey flavor and that strongly attaches the diabetic ants.
súsrutpeople of a certain age.
Demetrio de Apamea refined the diagnosis of MEMFIS diabetes mellitus of Memfis coined the end of diabetes (from day = day "through" and betes = betes "pass") to define a state of weakness, intense thirst and polyuria.Apollonius believed it was a form of hydropesia.
Pablo de Aegina refined even more the diagnosis of "dypsacus" (diabetes) associated with a state of weakness of the kidneys excess urination that led to dehydration.He prescribed a remedy based on herbs, endivias, lettuce and live red clover with dates of dates and myrtle to drink in the first stages of the disease, followed by poultice based on vinegar and rose oil on the kidneys.Previous on the use of diuretics but allowed venisection (bleeding).
Galen I thought that diabetes was a very rare sick, using alternative terms such as "urine diarrhea" and "Dypsacus" this last term to emphasize the extreme thirst associated with the disease.
Arateus de Capadocia , who also described tetanus used the diabetes term to describe the condition that led to an increase in urine.He predicted a restricted diet and diluted wine and in the terminal states Opio and Mandragora.
In the first century the Greek philosopher Arateus the Cappadocio referred to this disease for the first time with this name, referring to the ‘step’ of urine from polyuria (elimination of large amounts of urine) caused by diabetes.
XVI to XVI centuries
In the subsequent centuries it is not found in the medical writings references to this disease, until in the century, the doctor and philosopher Uzbek Avicena (980-1037) speaks withclear precision of this disease in its famous canon of medicine.
After a long interval it was Thomas Willis who, in 1679 , made a magistral diabetes description for the time, being since then recognized for his symptomatology as a clinical entity.It was he who, referring to the sweet taste of urine, gave him the name of Diabetes Mellitus (honey flavor diabetes), despite the fact that this fact had already been recorded about a thousand years before in India, around 500.
18th century
In 1775 Dopson identified the presence of glucose in the urine.Frank, at that time, also classified diabetes into two types: diabetes mellitus (or diabetes vera), and insipid diabetes (because the latter did not present the sweet urine).
The first observation made through a autopsy in a diabetic was performed by Cawley and published in the magazine London Medical Journal in 1788 .Almost at the same time the English John Roll attributed the ailment to a gastric cause, and achieved notable improvements with a diet rich in proteins and fats and limited in carbohydrates.
19th century
The first worksExperimental related to the metabolism of the carbohydrates were performed by Claude Bernard, who discovered, in 1848, the liver glycogen and caused the appearance of glucose in the urine exciting the bulbar centers.
Already in the half of the nineteenth century, the great French clinician Bouchardatdietary, based on the restriction of the carbohydrates and on the low caloric value of the diet.
The clinical and anatomical-patological works acquired great importance at the end of the 19th century, in the hands of Frerichs, Cantani, Naunyn, Lanceraux, etc., culminating in experiences of pancreatectomy in dogs, performed by mering and mikowskiIn 1889 .
Since the beginning of the 19th century, discoveries of biochemical events of great importance were made.In 1815, Medicine Doctor Michel Chevreul identified blood sugar as glucose, while, in 1836, Italian scientist Felice Ambrosiani found that blood glucose was increased in diabetics.
20th century
Frederick Grant Banting and John James Richard Macleod who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1923, in recognition of the discovery of insulin.
In 1974, the German researcher Adolph Kussmaul made the first great description of the diabetic coma and baptized him with that name.
The first diabetic treated with insulin
Leonard Thompson, 14 -year -old, was the first diabetes patient treated with injections of the new preparation.The experiment took place in January 1922, at General Hospital de Toronto.
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