They discover why diabetes damages arteries and veins

For the first time it was shown that there is a direct link between the low presence fatty acid synthase and diabetes.

Diabetes slows the production of a molecule, called synthase fatty acid (fas), indispensable to protect the thin layer that covers the interior of the arteries, vessels and veins.This deficiency causes gradual damage to the circulatory system and leads to amputations, blindness, vascular brain accidents and infarcts, according to an investigation published this Saturday by the Washington University, of San Luis Mossouri, United States.

The report appears in the new edition of the Journal of Biological Chemistry.

The researchers already knew that in diabetic patients there is low presence of this molecule, which is part of the enzyme family, so they raised transgenic mice that do not produce such enzyme and noticed that the animals developed all damages in the arteries it presentsA poorly controlled diabetic patient.

The FAS works as a glue that helps to adhere to the arteries another very important molecule called nitric oxide, which helps to give flexibility and delay blood vessels, while facilitating the nutrition of the cells that cover inside the entire complexSystem through which blood circulates.

Being Mexico a country where there are ten million people with diabetes, the benefit of this finding would be very broad.

One of the great changes that have occurred in the treatment of diabetes of recent years was the understanding that the endothelium, which is the internal part of all blood vessels (arteries and veins) is not simply the wall of a tube byThe one who runs the blood, is a very large organ with different biological functions.It is a layer of cells that extend would occupy a surface similar to several tennis courts.

The Secret Hormones endothelium makes neurotransmission, produce many modifications in the resistance and elasticity of the circuits through which the blood runs.

“The importance of this study is that, for the first time, we show that there is a direct link between the low presence of synthase fatty acid and diabetes.We had previously measured that in patients with this disease there is a deficit of this molecule, but there was no demonstration with direct measures, ”said Dr. Xiaochao Wei, lead author of the study.

Wei is a researcher at the Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Division at the Washington University School of Medicine.The chief of the laboratory where the finding was made is Dr. Clay F. Smenkovich.

The Equipment worked first for a long time in raising mice with modified genes to prevent them from producing the enzyme FAS and thus could observe what effect it had on its body.This type of mice, which were called by the scientists of Fastie mice, presented problems and symptoms similar to other mice that were not genetically modified, but had diabetes.

"The result was that there is a strong parallel between the complete absence of FAS and the low levels of fas that occur in organisms that do not produce insulin or have insulin resistance," said Dr. Semenkovich.

In one of the experiments, the researchers interrupted the blood flow in the leg of normal mice and did the same in Fastie mice.

"Healthy mice regenerated new arteries around the blockade, while mice that lacked fatty acid synthase could not develop other new vessels," said Dr. Semenkovich to underline the importance of the MOLECULA FAS to build and repair arteries.

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Good news for new treatments.:)

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